Horse chestnut relieves chronic venous insufficiency

The term chronic venous insufficiency describes a spectrum of conditions associated with venous hypertension of the lower extremities that may present with pain, oedema, itchiness, skin changes, and (depending on the definition used) varicose veins[1]. It is characterised by inflammation, increased capillary permeability and poor lymphatic function[2]. Chronic venous insufficiency affects 10-15% of men and 20-25% of women lifelong[3], and is an increasing problem in an ageing population. Of these, approximately 20% develop leg ulcers, and as a consequence, many sufferers go on to experience reduced quality of life and require long-term medical intervention[4].